摘 要

最近这些年，随着我国城镇化进程发展的越来越迅速，城镇人口也极具的上升，城镇包括的范围也是一年比一年大。然而，因为人口增长的速度远高于用地增长的速度，这就会带来一系列的难题，比如现今城镇的地上及地面空间越来越稀缺，拥挤现象更是随处可见。显然，如果仅仅依靠地面及地上资源已经无法满足当前的城镇建设需求，所以开拓地下资源和地下结构已经到了刻不容缓的时候了。

基坑工程不单单要确保基坑与围护结构自身的安全，而且还要确保附近建筑结构的安全和正常使用。现实中，基坑工程的开挖施工是与场地的工程地质环境、基坑周围建筑等很多原因相关的，所以，基坑工程的研究结果应关系到各类地区不一样的复杂的工程难题。本文针对基坑开挖对邻近建筑结构的影响进行了全面而深入的探究，主要研究工作包含以下几个方面：

1. 总结和分析基坑开挖过程中引起邻近土层位移的原因，对邻近建筑结构的影响机理和影响类型。
2. 按照工程地质的特性构建了考虑基坑开挖全过程的二维有限元模型，并分析了基坑周边土层位移和围护结构的变化规律。分析结果表明，随着土层深度的増加，土层竖向位移会变得越来越小。地下连续墙最大水平位移随基坑深度加深而逐渐变大，添加相应的支撑能够阻止预防地下连续墙的进一步变形。
3. 建立了包括基坑及附近建筑结构的二维有限元模型，并综析了不同因素下基坑开挖对邻近建筑物的沉降影响规律，其中包含基坑距离建筑结构的距离、开挖深度、地下连续墙深度与厚度。分析结果表明，不同因素影响下基坑邻近建筑结构的沉降变化规律基本相差无几，但是沉降量和沉降差还是有所不同的。

关键词：基坑开挖；邻近建筑结构；沉降影响

Influence of Adjacent Excavation of Underground Station on Adjacent Building Structure

ABSTRACT

In recent years, with the development of urbanization in China more and more rapid, urban population is also a very high rise, the scope of the town is also a year and a year larger. However, because the rate of population growth is much higher than the rate of land use growth, which will bring a series of problems, such as today's urban ground and ground space is increasingly scarce, crowded phenomenon is everywhere. Obviously, if only rely on the ground and the ground resources have been unable to meet the current urban construction needs, so open up underground resources and underground structure has reached an urgent time.

The foundation pit works not only to ensure the safety of the foundation pit and the envelope itself, but also to ensure the safety and normal use of the nearby building structure. In reality, the excavation of the foundation pit project is related to the engineering geological environment of the site, the construction of the foundation pit and so on. Therefore, the research results of the foundation pit engineering should be related to the complicated engineering problems in different types of areas. In this paper, the excavation of the excavation on the adjacent building structure of the impact of a comprehensive and in-depth study, the main research work includes the following aspects:

(1) Summarize and analyze the causes of the displacement of the adjacent soil during the excavation of the foundation pit, the influence mechanism and the influence type of the adjacent building structure.

(2) The two-dimensional finite element model considering the whole process of foundation pit excavation is constructed according to the characteristics of engineering geology, and the variation law of soil soil displacement and surrounding structure is analyzed. The results show that the vertical displacement of soil will become smaller and smaller with the increase of soil depth. The maximum horizontal displacement of the underground continuous wall gradually increases with the depth of the foundation pit, and the corresponding support can prevent the further deformation of the underground continuous wall.

(3) The two-dimensional finite element model including the foundation pit and the nearby building structure is established, and the influence of excavation on the settlement of the adjacent buildings under different factors is analyzed, which includes the distance between the foundation and the building Depth of excavation, depth and thickness of underground continuous wall. The results show that the variation law of the settlement of the adjacent building under the influence of different factors is almost the same, but the settlement and the settlement difference are different.

Key words: Excavation of foundation pit;Adjacent to the building structure;settlement influences

目 录

1 绪论.......................................................................1

1.1 研究背景.............................................................1

1.2 国内外研究现状.......................................................1

1.2.1 基坑开挖对邻近隧道和地下管线的影响研究.........................1

1.2.2 有限元模拟基坑开挖对邻近建筑的影响研究.........................4

1.2.3 数值模拟基坑开挖对邻近建筑的影响研究...........................7

1.2.4 基坑开挖引起的变形规律研究.....................................9

1.2.5 增层开挖对邻近建筑桩基的影响分析研究...........................10

1.3目前研究中存在的问题..................................................12

2 数值模拟软件简介与建模.....................................................13

2.1 计算模型简介.........................................................13

2.2 一般模拟知识.........................................................14